{"id":2642,"date":"2025-03-20T15:41:05","date_gmt":"2025-03-20T14:41:05","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/serelys.hr\/?p=2642"},"modified":"2025-03-20T15:41:05","modified_gmt":"2025-03-20T14:41:05","slug":"pms-simptomi-i-uzroci-predmenstrualnog-sindroma","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/serelys.hr\/sr\/blog\/pms-simptomi-i-uzroci-predmenstrualnog-sindroma\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0160ta je PMS? Otkrivamo simptome i uzroke predmenstrualnog sindroma!"},"content":{"rendered":"

Dani u mesecu kada se ose\u0107ate \u010dudno i razdra\u017eljivo…ovo bi mogao biti ukratko opis predmenstrualnog sindroma ili PMS-a koji do\u017eivljavaju sve \u017eene, neke malo vi\u0161e burno, dok retke sre\u0107nice nemaju ve\u0107ih problema u ovom periodu koji prethodi menstruaciji. Ukoliko ste se oduvek pitali \u0161ta ta\u010dno stoji iza ovih specifi\u010dnih promena u PMS-u, vreme je da detaljnije objasnimo i saznamo tajne koje krije ovaj sindrom.<\/p>\n

PMS \u2013 predmenstrualni sindrom predstavlja promene u raspolo\u017eenju, emocijama, fizi\u010dkom zdravlju i pona\u0161anju, koje se mogu javiti izme\u0111u ovulacije i po\u010detka menstruacije. Obi\u010dno traje do nekoliko dana nakon po\u010detka menstruacije i mo\u017ee imati negativan uticaj na va\u0161 \u017eivot i op\u0161te funkcionisanje.<\/p>\n

Postojec\u0301a istra\u017eivanja [1]<\/a> sugeri\u0161u da otprilike 80% \u017eena koje imaju menstruaciju iskuse najmanje jedan predmenstrualni simptom svakog meseca.<\/p>\n

Nova studija [2]<\/a> je otkrila da je, me\u0111u 238.114 ispitanica \u0161irom sveta, \u201e28,61% izjavilo da su predmenstrualni simptomi ometali njihov svakodnevni \u017eivot tokom svakog ciklusa, a dodatnih 34,84% je istaklo da su predmenstrualni simptomi ometali njihov svakodnevni \u017eivot tokom pojedinih menstrualnih ciklusa.<\/p>\n

Simptomi PMS-a<\/strong><\/h2>\n

Simptomi koji se javljaju u PMS-u mogu varirati od \u010desto blagih i\/ ili umerenih simptome do dovoljno ozbiljnih koji zna\u010dajno uti\u010du na svakodnevne aktivnosti i op\u0161te blagostanje.<\/p>\n

U PMS-u se simptomi obi\u010dno javljaju pre svake menstruacije. Mo\u017eda c\u0301ete osetiti samo neke od simptoma u nastavku ili nekoliko, ali PMS obi\u010dno uklju\u010duje kombinaciju najmanje nekoliko razli\u010ditih simptoma, od kojih neki spadaju u emocionalne, a neki u fizi\u010dke simptome.<\/p>\n

Emocionalni simptomi<\/strong> PMS-a<\/strong><\/h2>\n

Promene u va\u0161em raspolo\u017eenju, emocijama i pona\u0161anju povezane sa PMS-om mogu uklju\u010divati:<\/p>\n

anksioznost, nemir ili osec\u0301aj da ste na ivici pucanja<\/p>\n

neobi\u010dno sna\u017ean bes i razdra\u017eljivost<\/p>\n

promene u apetitu, uklju\u010dujuc\u0301i povec\u0301anu \u017eelju za hranom, posebno za slatki\u0161ima<\/p>\n

promene u obrascima spavanja, uklju\u010dujuc\u0301i umor i probleme sa spavanjem<\/p>\n

tu\u017eno ili lo\u0161e raspolo\u017eenje, koje mo\u017ee uklju\u010divati pla\u010dljivost ili iznenadni, nekontrolisani pla\u010d<\/p>\n

brze promene raspolo\u017eenja i burni emocionalni izlivi<\/p>\n

smanjen seksualni nagon<\/p>\n

pote\u0161koc\u0301e u koncentraciji ili pamc\u0301enju informacija<\/p>\n

Fizi\u010dki simptomi PMS-a<\/strong><\/h2>\n

Sa PMS-om, verovatno c\u0301ete primetiti i neke fizi\u010dke simptome, kao \u0161to su:<\/p>\n

nadimanje stomaka<\/p>\n

gr\u010devi<\/p>\n

bolne i nate\u010dene dojke<\/p>\n

akne<\/p>\n

zatvor<\/p>\n

dijareja<\/p>\n

glavobolje<\/p>\n

bol u le\u0111ima i mi\u0161ic\u0301ima<\/p>\n

neobi\u010dna osetljivost na svetlost ili zvuk<\/p>\n

neobi\u010dna nespretnost<\/p>\n

Kada po\u010dinju da se javljaju simptomi PMS-a?<\/strong><\/h2>\n

U proseku, menstrualni ciklus traje oko 28 dana. Ako imate ciklus prose\u010dne du\u017eine,\u00a0 ovulacija, ili osloba\u0111anje jajne c\u0301elije iz jajnika, desic\u0301e se oko 14. dana, ili na sredini ciklusa.<\/p>\n

Simptomi PMS-a mogu po\u010deti bilo kada nakon ovulacije (iako obi\u010dno po\u010dinju nedelju dana pre menstruacije) i traju do 5 ili vi\u0161e dana nakon po\u010detka menstruacije.<\/p>\n

Menstruacija, ili krvarenje, po\u010dinje 28. dana ciklusa.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\"<\/h2>\n

<\/h2>\n

\u0160ta uzrokuje PMS?<\/strong><\/h2>\n

Nau\u010dna istra\u017eivanja nisu dovela do jedinstvenog, kona\u010dno prihva\u0107enog uzroka PMS-a ili obja\u0161njenja za\u0161to ga neke \u017eene do\u017eivljavaju znatno te\u017ee od drugih. Me\u0111utim, nau\u010dnici su predlo\u017eili nekoliko razli\u010ditih teorija koje obja\u0161njavaju uzroke i posledice koje izaziva PMS.<\/p>\n

Cikli\u010dne promene u hormonima<\/strong><\/h2>\n

Dobar deo stru\u010dnjaka isti\u010de da se PMS de\u0161ava kao odgovor na promene nivoa hormona estrogena i progesterona.<\/p>\n

Ovi hormoni prirodno variraju tokom va\u0161eg menstrualnog ciklusa. Tokom lutealne faze, koja prati ovulaciju, hormoni dosti\u017eu vrhunac, a zatim brzo opadaju, \u0161to mo\u017ee dovesti do anksioznosti, razdra\u017eljivosti i drugih promena raspolo\u017eenja.<\/p>\n

Hemijske promene u mozgu<\/strong><\/h2>\n

Neurotransmiteri serotonin i norepinefrin imaju nekoliko va\u017enih funkcija u telu, uklju\u010dujuc\u0301i pomoc\u0301 u regulisanju raspolo\u017eenja, emocija i pona\u0161anja, a samim tim tako\u0111e mogu uticati na simptome PMS-a.<\/p>\n

Na primer, pad estrogena mo\u017ee izazvati osloba\u0111anje norepinefrina, \u0161to dovodi do smanjenja proizvodnje dopamina, acetilholina i serotonina. Ove promene mogu izazvati probleme sa spavanjem i dovesti do pojave lo\u0161eg ili depresivnog raspolo\u017eenja.<\/p>\n

Postojec\u0301a stanja mentalnog zdravlja<\/strong><\/h2>\n

Odre\u0111ena mentalna stanja poput depresije ili anksioznosti, mo\u017ee povec\u0301ati \u0161anse za PMS ili predmenstrualni disfori\u010dni poremec\u0301aj (PMDD), te\u017ei oblik PMS-a. PMDD, koji ima tendenciju da uklju\u010duje drasti\u010dnije i neodoljive promene raspolo\u017eenja, mo\u017ee imati veliki uticaj na svakodnevni \u017eivot. Kao i kod PMS-a, simptomi PMDD-a mogu se pojaviti zbog fluktuacija nivoa estrogena, progesterona i serotonina. Procenjuje se da 3 do 8 procenata \u017eena sa menstruacijom do\u017eivljava PMDD, a ipak nikada ne tra\u017ee pomoc\u0301 zbog simptoma, jer ose\u0107aju nerazumevanje okru\u017eenje i nedostatak podr\u0161ke.<\/p>\n

Simptomi PMDD-a mogu uklju\u010divati:<\/p>\n

depresiju, intenzivnu tuga i pla\u010d<\/p>\n

misli o samoubistvu<\/p>\n

napade panike<\/p>\n

anksioznost, bes ili razdra\u017eljivost<\/p>\n

nagle promene raspolo\u017eenja<\/p>\n

nedostatak interesovanja za dnevne aktivnosti<\/p>\n

nesanicu<\/p>\n

probleme sa razmi\u0161ljanjem ili fokusiranjem<\/p>\n

prejedanje<\/p>\n

bolne gr\u010deve<\/p>\n

nadimanje<\/p>\n

Tako\u0111e, evidentirana je I pojava stanja predmenstrualnog pogor\u0161anje (PME). U ovom slu\u010daju se simptomi ve\u0107 postoje\u0107ih stanja mentalnog zdravlja, poput bipolarnog poremec\u0301aja ili depresije, intenziviraju neposredno pre po\u010detka menstruacije.<\/p>\n

Ukoliko primetite da imate simptome PMDD-a ili PME-a, preporuka je konsultacija sa psihoterapeutom ili psihijatrom, posebno ako imate istovremene simptome mentalnog zdravlja povezane sa depresijom, traumom ili stresom.<\/p>\n

Faktori na\u010dina \u017eivota<\/strong><\/h2>\n

Odre\u0111ene navike mogu uticati na ozbiljnost simptoma PMS-a. Potencijalni faktori na\u010dina \u017eivota koji mogu pogor\u0161ati simptome PMS-a uklju\u010duju:<\/p>\n

konzumiranje hrane bogate mastima, \u0161ec\u0301erom i soli<\/p>\n

nedostatak redovne fizi\u010dke aktivnosti<\/p>\n

nedostatak kvalitetnog sna<\/p>\n

pu\u0161enje<\/p>\n

Istra\u017eivanje iz 2018. godine[3]<\/a> tako\u0111e povezuje upotrebu alkohola sa povec\u0301anim rizikom od PMS-a. Ako redovno pijete ili previ\u0161e konzumirate alkoholna pi\u0107a, vec\u0301a je verovatnoc\u0301a da c\u0301ete do\u017eiveti intenzivnije simptome PMS-a.<\/p>\n

Kada se obratiti lekaru<\/strong><\/h2>\n

Vec\u0301ina \u017eena koje imaju menstruaciju ima barem nekoliko simptoma PMS-a, ali ovi simptomi se nu\u017eno ne pojavljuju svakog meseca ili uti\u010du na svakodnevni \u017eivot.<\/p>\n

Ako simptomi PMS-a postanu dovoljno jaki da poremete redovnu \u017eivotnu rutinu na mese\u010dnom nivou, sledec\u0301i korak je da se obratite va\u0161em lekaru.<\/p>\n

Ukoliko imate te\u0161ke simptome raspolo\u017eenja koji stvaraju komplikacije u va\u0161em svakodnevnom \u017eivotu, kognitivno bihejvioralna terapija ili drugi terapijski pristupi mogu vam pomoc\u0301i da nau\u010dite nove na\u010dine da preoblikujete i nosite se sa uznemirujuc\u0301im mislima i emocijama.<\/p>\n

Olak\u0161avanje simptoma PMS-a<\/strong><\/h2>\n

Postoje preporuke za promenu na\u010dina \u017eivota, navika i rutine koje se savetuje da sprovedete kako biste ubla\u017eili simptome PMS-a. Zato, isprobate sledec\u0301e strategije:<\/strong><\/p>\n

Pijte puno te\u010dnosti da biste ubla\u017eili nadimanje stomaka. Osnovna i dominanta te\u010dnost koju unosite treba da bude voda, a preporuka su i biljni \u010dajevi, poput lista maline ili kamilice, koji mogu olak\u0161ati gr\u010deve u stomaku.<\/p>\n

Sprovodite uravnote\u017eenu ishranu koja uklju\u010duje puno voc\u0301a, povrc\u0301a i integralnih \u017eitarica.<\/p>\n

Razmislite o smanjenju unosa \u0161ec\u0301era, soli, kofeina i alkohola, posebno ako ste posebno osetljivi na njihove efekte.<\/p>\n

Nastojte da spavate 7 do 9 sati svake noc\u0301i kako biste ubla\u017eili umor i pobolj\u0161ali op\u0161te stanje organizma.<\/p>\n

Poku\u0161ajte da imate najmanje pola sata fizi\u010dke aktivnosti svakog dana, ako ste u moguc\u0301nosti. Ve\u017ebanje ne samo da mo\u017ee pomoc\u0301i u ubla\u017eavanju nadimanja i gr\u010deva, vec\u0301 mo\u017ee pomoc\u0301i i u ubla\u017eavanju simptoma anksioznosti i depresije.<\/p>\n

Svaki dan odvojite vreme za brigu o sebi, \u0161to mo\u017ee uklju\u010divati ve\u017ebanje, opu\u0161tanje, vreme za hobije ili vreme za dru\u017eenje sa dragim ljudima.<\/p>\n

S\u00e9r\u00e9lys\u00ae PMS-prirodan pristup ubla\u017eavanju PMS simptoma<\/strong><\/h2>\n

Sigurno je da \u0107e primena svih ovih saveta znatno olak\u0161ati va\u0161e simptome PMS-a, ali smo najbolje ostavili za kraj. Naime, dostupno vam je jedinstveno prirodno re\u0161enje bez hormona i fitoestrogena za ubla\u017eavanje simptoma pms-a: S\u00e9r\u00e9lys\u00ae PMS<\/strong>! Ovaj dodatak ishrani nudi prirodan pristup smanjenju PMS simptoma, pru\u017eaju\u0107i \u017eenama sigurno re\u0161enje.<\/p>\n

S\u00e9r\u00e9lys\u00ae PMS<\/strong><\/a> sadr\u017ei jedinstvenu kombinaciju prirodnih sastojaka: PureCyTonin\u00ae (specifi\u010dni i pro\u010di\u0161\u0107eni citoplazmatski ekstrakti polena), ekstrakt cveta \u0161afrana i vitamin E, koji poma\u017eu u smanjenju nervoze, promena raspolo\u017eenja i istovremeno podr\u017eavaju\u0107i stabilizaciju menstrualnog ciklusa. Sa jednom kapsulom dnevno, pru\u017ea efikasnu pomo\u0107 bez rizika od unosa hormona, omogu\u0107avaju\u0107i vam da lak\u0161e pro\u0111ete kroz PMS i bolne menstruacije.<\/p>\n

Verujemo da \u0107e \u017eivot tokom menstrualnih ciklusa za vas poprimiti neku novu dimenziju i kvalitet, i da \u0107ete se samo se\u0107ati \u010dudnih i napetih dana do vremena kada je S\u00e9r\u00e9lys\u00ae PMS <\/strong><\/a>postao va\u0161 najbolji prijatelj i saveznik tokom PMS-a!<\/p>\n

\n

\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\n

Literatura: <\/em><\/strong><\/h4>\n
    \n
  1. \u201ePMS: Premenstrual Syndrome Symptoms, Treatments, and More\u201d; Medically reviewed by Stacy A. Henigsman, DO <\/em>https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/premenstrual-syndrome<\/em><\/a>;<\/em><\/li>\n
  2. \u201cWhat is the real-life impact of premenstrual symptoms?\u201d; <\/em>https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/articles\/what-is-the-real-life-impact-of-premenstrual-symptoms<\/em><\/a> ; <\/em><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    \u00a0<\/em><\/p>\n

    Reference:<\/em><\/strong><\/h4>\n

    [1]<\/a> \u201cThe impact of menstrual symptoms on everyday life: a survey among 42,879 women\u201d; <\/em><\/p>\n

    Mark E. Schoep, MDa,b mark.schoep@radboudumc.nl \u2219 Theodoor E. Nieboer, MD, PhDa \u2219 Moniek van der Zanden, MDa \u2219 Didi D.M. Braat, MD, Profa \u2219 Annemiek W. Nap, MD, PhD; <\/em>https:\/\/www.ajog.org\/article\/S0002-9378(19)30427-2\/abstract<\/em><\/a> ; <\/em><\/p>\n

    [2]<\/a> \u201cPremenstrual symptoms across the lifespan in an international sample: data from a mobile application\u201d; <\/em><\/p>\n

    Liisa Hantsoo, Shivani Rangaswamy, Kristin Voegtline, Rodion Salimgaraev, Liudmila Zhaunova & Jennifer L. Payne; <\/em>https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00737-022-01261-5<\/em><\/a> ; <\/em><\/p>\n

    [3]<\/a><\/em> \u201cPremenstrual syndrome and alcohol consumption: a systematic review and meta-analysis\u201d; <\/em><\/p>\n

    Mar\u00eda del Mar Fern\u00e1ndez, Jurgita Saulyte, Hazel M Inskip, Bahi Takkouche; <\/em>https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC5905748\/<\/em><\/a> ; <\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    Dani u mesecu kada se ose\u0107ate \u010dudno i razdra\u017eljivo…ovo bi mogao biti ukratko opis predmenstrualnog sindroma ili PMS-a koji do\u017eivljavaju […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":2680,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"default","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"set","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[78],"tags":[116,101,117,79,86,84,87],"class_list":["post-2642","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-pms","tag-emocionalni-simptomi-pms-a","tag-fizicki-simptomi-pms-a","tag-olaksanje-simptoma-pms-a","tag-pms","tag-serelys-pms","tag-simptomi-pms-a","tag-sta-je-pms"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\n\u0160ta je PMS? 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